Robots are Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) having the ability of sensing, perception, and decision making for performing some meaningful, productive physical tasks without the direct human involvement and/or in collaboration with or under the supervision of human operators. Such cyber physical systems are driving the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Although, they are commonly perceived as humanoid, but they emerge in diverse form. Even upon retrofitting sensors, software, and connectivity, a dumb wheel chair, or tractor could be made smart, autonomous or semiautonomous robotic machines. They not only reduce human role in operating those machines, but most importantly, they make dumb machines able to understand the situation and adapt the behavior for increasing safety, improving precision, and reducing wastage. For example, a robotic pesticide or fertilizer sparing machine can adapt the discharge of farming inputs for reducing wastage, increasing yield, and also improving food safety. Similarly, a smart wheel chair can offer higher degree mobility to elderly people and those who are in need of special assistance. The scope of increasing the capability of machines by making them smart has been opening immense opportunity of innovation, which could be harnessed to empower youths and create start-up success stories. Over the last 50 years, Robots have progressed from simple mechanical assistive devices to intelligent machines. Instead of playing assistive roles helping human in performing tasks, they are growing as the main actors in performing productive tasks. For example, in a state-of-the-art automobile- manufacturing plant, as high as 80 percent tasks in certain areas like body shops is being performed by robots. Robots are increasingly getting more capable as well as less costly than human labor. As a result, comparative advantage in performing productive tasks, robots are taking over labor. It’s not only the cost issue, but also the quality and wastage. In certain situation, like cutting metal or paining automobiles, robots can perform the job more precisely than human workers. Such reality is demanding the optimum blending of human labor with robot capability to remain competitive in this globally connected market economy